Composition
Murein 500 Capsule: Each capsule contains Flucloxacillin Sodium BP equivalent
to Flucloxacillin 500 mg.
Pharmacology
Flucloxacillin is an isoxazolyl penicillin of the ß-lactam group of antibiotics which
exerts a bactericidal effect upon many Gram-positive organisms including
ß-lactamase-producing staphylococci and streptococci. It is not active against
methicillin-resistant staphylococci.
Indication
Flucloxacillin is indicated for the treatment of infections due to Gram – positive
organisms. Skin and soft tissue infections: boils, abscesses, carbuncles,
furunculosis, cellulitis; infected skin conditions, e.g. ulcer, eczema and acne;
infected wounds, infected burns, protection for skin grafts, impetigo. Respiratory
tract infections: pneumonia, lung abscess, empyema, sinusitis, pharyngitis,
tonsillitis, quinsy, otitis media and externa. Other infection caused by Flucloxacillin –
sensitive organisms: osteomyelitis, enteritis, endocarditis, urinary tract infection,
meningitis, septicemia. Flucloxacillin is also indicated for use as a prophylactic
agent during major surgical procedures where appropriate; for example,
cardiothoracic and orthopedic surgery.
Dose & Administration
a) Route of administration: Oral
Oral doses should be administered half to one hour before meals.
Usual adult dosage (including elderly patients): 250 mg four times daily.
In severe infections: dosage should be doubled.
In osteomyelitis and endocarditis: up to 8 gm daily, in divided doses 6 to 8 hourly.
In case of secondary bacterial infection in chicken pox: Flucloxacillin 500 mg 6
hourlies should be prescribed.
Usual children dosage: 2-10 years: half of the adult dose.
Under 2 years: quarter of the adult dose.
Contra-indication
Flucloxacillin should not be given to penicillin or cephalosporine hypersensitive
patients.
Warning and Precaution
History of allergy, renal impairment, false-positive urinary glucose.
Side effects
a) Common: Side effects as with other penicillins, are uncommon and mainly of a
mild and transitory nature.
b) Rare: Gastro-intestinal upsets (e.g., nausea, diarrhea) and skin rashes have
been reported. If a skin rash occurs, treatment should be discontinued.
Use in Pregnancy & Lactation
The use of Flucloxacillin in pregnancy should be reserved for cases considered
essential by the clinician. Use of the drug in the second and third trimesters may
result in the sensitization of the fetus. During lactation, trace quantities of
penicillin’s can be detected in breast milk.
Use in Children & Adolescents
Please see the dose and administration.
Drug interaction
a) With medicine: The administration of probenecid with Flucloxacillin results in
higher serum peak concentrations and prolongs the time that therapeutic
concentrations of Flucloxacillin are achieved in serum. Physical incompatibility
and/or loss of activity of Flucloxacillin in solution have been reported when given
with gentamicin sulphate, streptomycin sulphate and vitamin mixtures.
b) With food & other: Flucloxacillin is best taken on an empty stomach, one hour
before eating food. This is because your body may absorb less flucloxacillin after a
meal, making it less effective.
Overdose
You may need urgent medical attention. Symptoms of an overdose may include
nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.
Important: Flucloxacillin can cause severe liver damage, which can make the skin
and whites portion of the eyes turn yellow in color.
Storage
Store below 30°C. Protect from light. Keep all medicines out of reach of children.
Packing
Murein 500 Capsule: Each box contains 28 (7×4’s) capsules in blister pack.